twyvel wrote:I think its been made obvious in this thread that whether an act is altruistic or not is a subjective consideration, which would mean there probably can be no universal agreement since all humans would have to agree which is highly unlikely.
That depends on what you're calling "subjective." If you're saying that an actor's altruistic
motives are subjective, you're not really saying anything either new or important. All motives are inherently subjective, but we can still judge whether those motives, and the acts that result from them, deserve either praise or blame.
If, on the other hand, you're saying that an altruistic
acts are subjective, then you'll have to explain that further.
twyvel wrote:It has also been agreed by a few including me that altruism calls for a selfless act, where the ego self has been bypassed or temporally suspended, something that can only be know subjectively.
Well, if you define things in such a way as to make altruism impossible, then I guess altruism is impossible
per your definition. But then what justification do you have for your definition?
If we require an altruistic act to be "selfless," and we define "selfless" as something like an
overcoming of self, such that the actor has some sort of metaphysical experience of "otherness" while contemplating and then carrying out the act, then I think we can safely say that few, if any, acts are truly "altruistic." But why should we require such a high threshold?
twyvel wrote:As such it seems that it is only the individual involved in committing an act that can determine whether it was altruistic or not since they are the only person that can know what they truly feel. Third parties can only make judgements based on objectively observed behavior.
Two problems with this:
1. You say, in effect, that only the statement "
I committed an altruistic act" can be either true or false, whereas the statement "
he committed an altruistic act" can be neither, because an observer cannot determine objectively what the actor experiences subjectively. But then that would be true of
every statement, wouldn't it? If someone says "I am a man" or "I am a Methodist," are we obliged to say that no one is in a position to contradict him, because no observer can delve deeply enough into the subjective mind of anyone else?
2. Observers make judgments based upon their observations all the time, including judgments based upon their observations of others' actions. If Observer sees Rescuer leap into the lake and save Victim, is Observer obliged to withhold any praise (or blame) for Rescuer's act on the grounds that only Rescuer could accurately divine his motives?
twyvel wrote:Since a lot of information concerning an act is not available and since a lot of it is a judgement call we could probably not construct a scenario that everyone on this thread would agree is altruism, except in a general, every day sort of way.
And why isn't a "general, everyday sort of way" sufficient? One could, like Hume, reject all inductive knowledge as so much speculation but nevertheless still set his alarm clock. We can remain skeptical of the physical universe on an epistemological level but still establish ethical standards for society.