@spendius,
You might remember that in Moby Dick Melville used Shakespearean introspection sililoquies as a device to further his philosophy.
In one of them Ishmael is musing upon his presence on the Pequod and is given by the author the fervent hope that the ladies back home will trim their wicks or at least turn them down and reduce their dependence on the oil which the whaling industry is encouraged to bring them by paying it to do so.
As an expert in allegory and metaphor and someone who had visited the north of England where "oil" or "oyl" is the dialect expression for "hole", (see Olive Oil, Popeye's squeeze, a most excellent joke), Melville is obviously killing two birds with two stones.
The question is thus raised that the dependence on oil and on allowing self-indulgence in wick trimming so that self-flattery at the dressing table mirror may proceed apace is the cause of the voyage of the Pequod or, if you like, all the other voyages on one of which Ahab lost a leg for which he sought revenge on Moby Dick, an interesting name itself.
So, if your worships and reverences can follow the logic of cause and effect, as we are continually being enjoined to do by the scientific fraternity, there is in Mr Melville's scene as he has Ishmael (orphan, outcast) meditating upon this matter a prefiguring of the effects of self indulgence in the use of wicks and of the oil needed to satisfy it on an ever increasing scale what with yesterday's thrill being today's cold potatoes (see fashion industry).
Thus, on this most high authority, I submit that the real cause of the catastrophe in the Gulf of Mexico is the self-indulgent use of wicks and the concommitant addiction to oil which facilitates such use.
Whether the Pequod's fate was a metaphor for that of the USA I will refrain from speculating upon. Or of BP's fate. We are hunting Nature which some commentators have said is what The Whale represents.
Incidentally, it is worthy of note that there was little agitation to stop the hunting of whales until an alternative supply of oil was found and exploited.