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What is the diameter of the Solar System

 
 
Reply Tue 28 Jul, 2026 03:19 pm
A continuation from another thread
The Anointed wrote:

In response to Steve Reids question “What is the diameter of the Solar System?
Including the great heavenly vault (i.e., the full Oort Cloud), the Solar System’s diameter is about 100,000 AU, roughly 1–2 light years across.

Diameter including the “great heavenly vault”
If by great heavenly vault you mean the outermost sphere in which the Sun was created and governs the motions of the Moon, planets, and the long period comets (i.e., the Oort Cloud), then astronomy gives a clear boundary: Outer edge of Oort Cloud: = 50,000 AU from the Sun, Full diameter: = 100,000 AU.

In light years: 1–2 light years (sources vary because the Oort Cloud is theoretical and diffuse)
This matches multiple scientific estimates: Vedantu: diameter ~100,000 AU when Oort Cloud included. CompleteEra: Solar System spans 2 light years when defined by Oort Cloud. So the Solar System with the heavenly vault is essentially a light year scale sphere.

I intended using a diameter of 4 light years for the Solar System in my calculations, but after understanding your post my questions become irrelevant

Why 4 light years, because...
The Solar System is far from a sphere in my imagination. Travelling towards Alpha Centauri, the Suns gravitational dominance ends at a point where the gravitational pull from Alpha Centauri equals that of the Sun. This point called a gravitational saddle point lies roughly 2.1 light years from the Sun along that axis. If you look in the opposite direction away from Alpha Centauri, the Sun's gravitational dominance ends at a different distance determined by whatever mass lies in that direction. Because the Galaxy's mass distribution is uneven, this opposite boundary will be very unlikely to match the 2.1 light year distance on the Alpha Centauri side. Imagine repeating this process in billions of directions mapping where the Sun's gravity ceases to dominate, you'd get a highly irregular constantly changing shape rather than a sphere. There may be no objects at or anywhere near the saddle points, but the Suns gravitational influence doesn't need matter to be present, and most of the volume of our Solar System is empty space
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The Anointed
 
  0  
Reply Tue 28 Jul, 2026 04:14 pm
@steve reid,
This is the condensed account of creation as recorded in Genesis’.....…”In the beginning God created the universe, and the (heavens, and the earth) were formless and void and darkness was upon the face of the deep and God’s active force was moving on the face of the waters. Then God said let there be light.”

Here is the scientific theory of creation........In the beginning, there was the “BIG BANG” which is said to have spatially separated the supposed infinitely dense, infinitely hot, infinitesimally small singularity, (this event spewed out a liquid like soup of electromagnetic energy in the trillions of degrees, it was from the quantum of that plasma liquid-like electromagnetic energy that the earth and all the heavenly bodies would later be created, and although, all that the earth was created from, was already there in the beginning, the earth at that time had neither constant shape or mass, which meant it was formless and void, and no suns had yet come into existence to light up the darkness of the expanding space. But there was momentum (God’s active force, which was moving on the face of the waters, or liquid-like plasma) within that ever-cooling cosmic cloud of wave particles, which wave particles are the quantum of that liquid like electromagnetic energy, and are not really particles at all, as they have zero mass and no electric charge, yet they carry angular and linear momentum.

One would expect, that those wave particles which are the quantum of the liquid like electromagnetic energy, would have continued to expand further and further away from each other in the expansion of the universal building material.

But with the angular momentum of those waves, and the density of the expanding cloud, they collided with each other in nuclear fusion in the creation of the first basic sub-atomic particles. As the universal temperature dropped to some billions of degrees, the dark energy which was the expansion’s acceleration force, began to form into dark matter, hydrogen and helium, with trace quantities of lithium, beryllium, and boron.

As the universe expanded and cooled, more hydrogen molecules were formed, [which is the simplest possible molecule. It consists of two protons and two electrons held together by electrostatic forces]. and from these, after some thirty million years of gravitational attraction, came the formation of the first gigantic Hydrogen stars, [Massive atomic reactors] from which the galaxies would later be created. Although, it is said today that Astronomers can see light from a time when the Universe was only 380,000 years old:
And God said, “Let there be light.” Which was not the light from the sun of this minor solar system within our Milky Way galaxy, which solar system would not be created for some nine billion years after the creation of those first massive stars that lit up the darkness of the bottomless pit, in which massive nuclear reactors the heavier elements were created.

Bursting into life and light throughout the primitive universe over an unknown period of time, those first generation stars would have been thousands upon thousands of times as massive as our Sun and millions of times as bright, but each one burned for only a few million years before meeting a violent end, when they exploded out in a brilliant flash before collapsing in upon themselves creating the massive centrally condensed systems called ‘Black Holes.’

Was the earth created before our minor sun, as is revealed in the Bible? And did life begin to evolve on earth before our sun burst into life? And could the complexity of life as seen on the earth today, have evolved over the comparatively short period of a mere 4.6 billion years from the day when the earth with the Solar System was created?

According to the best theory we have today as to the origin of this generation of the universe, it was almost 14 billion years ago, that an immense explosion, known as the Big Bang, spewed out massive amounts of liquid like electromagnetic energy in the trillions and trillions of degrees, creating a rapidly expanding universe.

Within moments of the expansion, the universal temperature had dropped to some billions of degrees, and the vibrating wave particles, which were the quantum of that energy, collided in nuclear fusion reactions to form hydrogen and helium and when the universal temperature had cooled to a point where fusion stopped generating these basic elements, it left hydrogen as the dominant component from which the first gigantic stars were created, in which massive atomic reactors, the heavier elements, such as carbon and oxygen, would be created.


As said previously, bursting into life and light throughout the primitive universe over an unknown period of time, those first generation stars would have been thousands upon thousands of times as massive as our Sun and millions of times as bright, but each one burned for only a few million years before meeting a violent end, when they exploded out in a brilliant flash before collapsing in upon themselves creating the massive centrally condensed systems called ‘Black Holes,’ in which the greater percentage of their mass was trapped.

The first creative day ended as all those gigantic stars collapsed. Those first gigantic stars, in which the heavier elements were created, from which the galaxies would later be created and which massive stars would have been collapsing in upon themselves, over an unknown period of time and evening descended as the lights of the universe went out, and the black holes merged with each other, and darkness covered the contracting space.
The Anointed
 
  -1  
Reply Tue 28 Jul, 2026 04:35 pm
@The Anointed,
Continuing on from previous post:
The second DAY [Period of universal activity] begins by bringing to ripeness the seeds that were imbedded in the former, and itself then prepares the seed for the universe that will follow it.

It was in the second cosmic day that the Firmament was created, within which, on the third cosmic day our Solar System would be formed. According to the Genesis narrative, it is on the second day that the Lord calls for a "firmament" to be in the "midst of the waters" to divide the waters:
"And God said, let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters, (The Solar nebular cloud from the Galactic nebular cloud). And God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under (or within) the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament: and it was so. And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day." (Genesis 1:6-8 KJV)

The term "firmament" according to the Creation account, is taken from the Hebrew: רָקִיעַ raqiya` raw-kee'-ah, which is defined by many scholars as an expanse, or the visible arch of the sky:—firmament, but a primitive root; “רָקַע raqa` raw-kah” means, to pound, hammer, to overlay (with thin sheets of metal):—beat, make broad, spread abroad (forth, over, out, into plates), stamp, stretch.
The creation of the firmament is associated with the placement of some sort of structure, and in some modern Bibles and many modern scholars translate the Hebrew word raqia as a "dome" or "vault". The Hebrew language appears to imply that the firmament is a firm, fixed structure (FIRMament, which can now be seen as the spherical cloud of comets (Icy vault) in which our solar system was created from the solar nebula cloud that was divided from the greater galactic nebula cloud.

Unlike the orbits of the planets and the Kuiper Belt, which are pretty flat like a disk, the Oort Cloud is a spherical shell surrounding everything in our solar system. It's like a bubble with a thick shell. The Oort Cloud is made up of icy pieces of space debris.
"And God said, “Let there be lights within the firmament or vault to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years: And let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth: and it was so. And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also."
(Genesis 1:14-16 KJV) This verse says that the Sun, Moon, and Stars=planets of our solar system, are "within" the firmament. Therefore, the waters that are "above the firmament=dome/vault" must be above the Sun, Moon and Stars=planets of our solar system, revealing that the waters which are referred to in Psalms 148:4; "Praise him, ye heavens of heavens, and ye waters that [be] above the heavens," belong to the greater galactic nebula cloud which has become our Milky Way Galaxy.

The Oort cloud, or the Opik-Oort cloud, which is named after Jan Oort, is a spherical cloud that surrounds our solar system, a cloud of predominantly icy objects such as comets that are comprised of mainly hydrogen, oxygen=water, ammonia and methane, and extends up to about a light year from the sun and defines the cosmographical boundary of our Solar System and the region of the suns gravitational dominance. Here is the Firmament, the great spherical vault within which is found the sun, moons and planets of our solar system, the dome of ice above and around us.

Knowing that the planets of our solar system were already created before the actual sun came into existence when the hydrogen nuclei within the condensing solar cloud started fusing together to produce helium nuclei and a lot of energy thereby creating our sun, we must now ask the question, “Did life on earth begin to evolve before the creation of the sun?” As is recorded in the Bible. And can life exist without actual sunlight? Proof of this is to be found in the darkest depths of our oceans, where life has evolved around the extremely hot and noxious gas vents over six miles beneath the surface where sunlight does not and cannot penetrate.

The Anointed
 
  0  
Reply Tue 28 Jul, 2026 05:04 pm
@The Anointed,
Continuing on from previous post:

This is one scientific theory as to the creation of our solar system some 9 billion years after the creation of those first massive stars that lit up the darkness of the expanding space.
Whether or not a better theory than that which we have today will develop, time will tell.

This theory would appear to support the biblical statement, that the process of the division of the waters above from the waters below, [See Genesis 1: 6; KJV] or the division of the solar nebula cloud from the greater Galactic nebula cloud, began some five billion years ago, and that the whole process began with the division of the waters (Galactic cloud) above, from the waters (Solar Cloud) below from which the entire Solar system was created. This took just a few hundred million years, about 400 million years in fact, and the creation of our entire solar system was completed by about 4.6 billion years ago.

It was from the galactic nebular cloud, which was the residue of the heavier elements that were exploded off with the great super nova, which was the death of one of those gigantic earlier generation Stars, that our Milky-Way galaxy would be formed in the second creative period=day, as the active universal forces brought about a division of the Solar nebular cloud [The Waters Below] from the Galactic nebular cloud [The Waters Above].

The accretion of the galactic nebula disk, which was being attracted to the central Black Hole around which it had begun to orbit, transferred angular momentum outward as it transferred mass inward, it was this that caused our solar nebula to begin to rotate and condense inward, bringing a division of the solar cloud, from the galactic cloud, or the waters above from the waters below.

Within the greater nebular cloud, which was slowly beginning to revolve around the Black Hole that anchored it in space, a piece of the larger cloud complex started to collapse about five billion years ago. The cloud complex had already been "polluted" with dust grains from previous generations of stars, so it was possible to form the rocky terrestrial planets as gravity pulled the gas and dust together, forming a solar nebula. As the cloud=waters of the solar nebula collapsed, its slight rotation increased. This is because of the conservation of angular momentum.

Just like a dancer who spins faster as she pulls in her arms, the cloud began to spin as it collapsed. Eventually, the cloud grew hotter and denser in the centre, with a disk of gas and dust surrounding it that was hot in the centre but cool at the edges. As the disk got thinner and thinner, particles began to stick together and form clumps. Some clumps got bigger, as particles and small clumps stuck to them, eventually forming planets or moons. Genesis 1: 6—9. As the heavenly cloud was gathered together in one place, dry land, or rather planets began to form.

Near the centre of the condensing cloud, where planets like earth formed, only rocky material could stand the great heat. Icy matter settled in the outer regions of the disk along with rocky material, where the giant planets like Jupiter formed.

As the cloud continued to fall in, the centre would get so hot that it would eventually become a star and with a strong stellar wind, would blow away most of the gas and dust from which the planets of the solar system had been formed.

By studying meteorites, which are thought to be left over from this early phase of the solar system, scientists have found that the solar system is about 4.6 billion years old! As the solar nebula collapsed, the gas and dust heated up through collisions among the particles. The solar nebula heated up to around 3000 K so everything was in a gaseous form. The solar nebula's composition was similar to the present-day Sun's composition: about 93% hydrogen, 6% helium, and about 1% silicates and iron, and the density of the gas and dust increased toward the core where the proto-sun was: [PROTO SUN.]. The inner, denser regions collapsed more quickly than the outer regions.

PROTO-HUMANS WERE NOT HUMANS AND THE PROTO-SUN, WAS NOT YET OUR SUN.

Around Jupiter's distance from the proto-Sun the temperature was cool enough to freeze water (the so-called "snow line" or "frost line"). Further out from the proto-Sun, ammonia and methane were able to condense. There was a significant amount of water closer to the Proto-sun, but could not condense. When the solar nebula stopped collapsing it began cooling, though the core that would later form the Sun remained hot.

This meant that the outer parts of the solar nebula cooled off more than the inner parts closer to the hot proto-Sun. Only metal and rock materials could condense (solidify) at the high temperatures close to the proto-Sun. Therefore, the metal and rock materials could condense in all the places where the planets were forming. Volatile materials (like water, methane and ammonia) could only condense in the outer parts of the solar nebula.

Because the density of the solar nebula material increased inward, there was more water at Jupiter's distance than at the distances of Saturn, Uranus, or Neptune. The greater amount of water ice at Jupiter's distance from the proto-Sun helped it grow larger than the other planets. Although, there was more water closer to the proto-Sun than Jupiter, that water was too warm to condense. Material with the highest freezing temperatures condensed to form the chondrules that were then incorporated in lower freezing temperature material. Chondrules (from Ancient Greek chondros, meaning grain) are round grains found in chondrites. Chondrules form as molten or partially molten droplets in space before being accreted to their parent asteroids.

Any material that later became part of a planet underwent further heating and processing when the planet differentiated so the heavy metals sunk to the planet's core and lighter metals floated up to nearer the surface.

Because of its great compression, the core of the proto-Sun finally reached about 10 million Kelvin and after the planets of the solar system had been created, the hydrogen nuclei started fusing together to produce helium nuclei and a lot of energy. It was then that the proto-Sun "TURNED ON" and became our Sun, which produced the strong winds called T-Tauri winds named after the prototype star in the constellation Taurus.

These winds swept out the rest of the nebula that was not already incorporated into the planets. With most of the cocoon gas blown away, the new star itself becomes visible to the outside for the first time. This whole process took just a few hundred million years and was finished by about 4.6 billion years ago. At the distance of about one light year from the earth, is the great icy Dome, that is the boundary of the firmament of our heavens, in which the sun, moon, and planets of our solar system were created.
steve reid
 
  1  
Reply Wed 29 Jul, 2026 02:41 am
@The Anointed,
My response to your first post

I have no problem with your scientific theory of creation, excepting the 4 paragraphs below. The 1st gives a definition to momentum which I can't accept, and it doesn't belong here because it is not a scientific fact. The last 3 don't add anything and can be omitted without changing the narrative

(God’s active force

And God said, “Let there be light.”

as is revealed in the Bible?

The first creative day ended



I will comment on the next 2 posts later
0 Replies
 
steve reid
 
  1  
Reply Wed 29 Jul, 2026 07:31 am
@The Anointed,
My response to your third post

I don't know how much of that is true to how the Solar System actually evolved, but as you say time will tell, it was an interesting read

I have read your second post through but found it heavy going, will read again and comment later
0 Replies
 
steve reid
 
  1  
Reply Thu 30 Jul, 2026 06:02 am
@The Anointed,
Re: your second post

As you believe in God whereas I don't I struggle to accept the scenarios you come up with, though I do find them interesting
To you it is science(truth) + scriptures(truth) = truth, to me it is science(truth) + scriptures(myths) = ?

I was interested in your idea about life potentially beginning before the Sun formed. I don't have a strong preference either way, but I do like/hope the idea that life might have been seeded on Earth. If that were the case, then whatever seeded life here could also have seeded life on planets in other star systems across our Galaxy. Finding life elsewhere in our Solar System wouldn't be too surprising to me, unless it could be shown that it doesn't share a common ancestor with life on Earth. If we ever recieved a signal from the far side of the Galaxy that would be mind blowing. But even then, I'd still have to ask the same question, do we share a common origin
The Anointed
 
  0  
Reply Thu 30 Jul, 2026 06:43 pm
@steve reid,
Quote:
I was interested in your idea about life potentially beginning before the Sun formed.


If you had ever bothered to read the bible, you would know that the earth with its first oceanic primitive plant life was created in the third creative day whereas the Sun was not created until the fourth creative day and you would realise that the condensing Solar cloud from which the planets had been created, although radiating tremendous heat had not yet begun the process where the hydrogen nuclei started fusing together to produce helium nuclei and a lot of energy and light. It was then that the proto-Sun "TURNED ON" and became our Sun, which produced the strong winds called T-Tauri winds named after the prototype star in the constellation Taurus.

These winds swept out the rest of the nebula that was not already incorporated into the planets. With most of the cocoon gas blown away, the new star itself becomes visible to the outside for the first time. This whole process took just a few hundred million years and was finished by about 4.6 billion years ago.

What would interest me the most, would be to discover the first of the billions of massive hydrogen stars that were being created over an unknown period of time, which imploded in upon itself to become a Black Hole in which all matter entering into it would be torn to shreds and converted into singularity, was the growing Black Hole at the centre of our Milky Way galaxy, which is anchored in space by that gravitational anomaly. In which the first intelligent life form was to develop in this universe, which began expanding 13.6 billion years ago.

Because any life on any planet which could evolve from its microscopic beginning into an intelligent life form such as mankind would be extremely rare.
steve reid
 
  1  
Reply Fri 31 Jul, 2026 12:02 am
@The Anointed,
The Anointed wrote:

If you had ever bothered to read the bible, you would know...

I can't know something to be true because it is written in a book

The Anointed wrote:

If you had ever bothered to read the bible

Which bible, which version
The Anointed
 
  0  
Reply Fri 31 Jul, 2026 03:35 am
@steve reid,
the third creative day
Quote:
Which bible, which version


The Hebrew bible would have done.

I believe that when I said, "If you had ever bothered to read the bible, you would know" that even 4 thousand years ago the author of the Hebrew bible=New Testament of the Christian bible, revealed that life had already begun to evolve on earth on the third creative day, even before our sun had burst into life and light in the fourth creative day.

I didn't ask you to believe it, but that you would have known that the religious Hebrews believed that life had begun to evolve on earth, long before sunlight entered the story.
steve reid
 
  1  
Reply Fri 31 Jul, 2026 11:21 am
@The Anointed,
The Anointed wrote:

I didn't ask you to believe it, but that you would have known that the religious Hebrews believed that life had begun to evolve on earth, long before sunlight entered the story.

Much better, a clear and concise description

They also believed the Sun Moon and Stars went round the Earth ?

Can I trust everything that is written in the New Testament of the Christian bible to be true
The Anointed
 
  0  
Reply Fri 31 Jul, 2026 04:57 pm
@steve reid,
Quote:
They also believed the Sun Moon and Stars went round the Earth ?


And where did you read that in the Hebrew scriptures old mate? Perhaps you are confused between what is recorded in the scriptures and what was taught by the authorities of the Roman church of Emperor Constantine.

Afraid of the terrible persecution by the universal church against any and all who would indulge in the Pagan practice of the scientific study into the workings of the universe, which results of that unholy act of heresy, challenged the authority of the church and brought into disrepute their infallible sacred teachings, such as, the fact that their flat earth that was the centre around which revolved the entire universe that was created only some ten thousand years ago and was created in six literal 24 hour days etc.

It was only when he was on his death- bed that Nicolaus Copernicus dared to publish his sun-centred model of the universe and Galileo Galilei, who was constantly in conflict with the church, skillfully arguing with the church authorities for Copernicus views, finally died under house arrest as a prisoner of the Inquisition.

Not that Copernicus’ theory was correct, but it was a higher rung in the ladder of the evolution of the mind of man.

The Word of God can be likened
To a star that’s being ever brightened
By the mind of man reaching ever higher
But those who deviate, they’re liars

In God’s word man’s mind can grow
But those outside, they’re like the snow
That settles on the desert sand
And will melt away, before “I Am.”

Of all the stars in heaven and the space that lies between
Its center, is the planet of my birth.
Earth’s horizon stretches outward at equal distance from my throne
So I hold the central point upon this earth
As light and sound need time to carry, all their messages to me
My senses tells me all has run its race
And everything that happens, has happened in my past
So I hold the highest point in time and space.
A primitive concept some might say
And a view that leads to sin
Well! Perhaps we all were made this way
To discover God within.

I an the centre of all.
jespah
 
  2  
Reply Fri 31 Jul, 2026 08:21 pm
@steve reid,
Diameter is about a third of yo mama's waistline.

Sorry, somebody had to do it.

<runs>
0 Replies
 
steve reid
 
  1  
Reply Sat 1 Aug, 2026 08:40 am
@The Anointed,
The Anointed wrote:

Quote:
They also believed the Sun Moon and Stars went round the Earth ?

And where did you read that in the Hebrew scriptures old mate?

I didn't

Don't you know how to interpret a sentence ending with a question mark

I wasn't quoting scripture, just refering to the general cosmology ancient Hebrews shared with other cultures of the time. They naturally saw the Earth as fixed and the heavens moving around it. Its simply how the world appeared before modern astronomy

I'm assuming you didn't see or forgot to answer my 2nd question which was

Can I trust everything that is written in the New Testament of the Christian bible to be true


jespah wrote:

Diameter is about a third of yo mama's waistline.

Laughing It
The Anointed
 
  0  
Reply Sat 1 Aug, 2026 05:31 pm
@steve reid,
Quote:
I wasn't quoting scripture, just refering to the general cosmology ancient Hebrews shared with other cultures of the time.


And what makes you think that ancient Hebrews shared the same general cosmology of other cultures of the time?

In the ancient astronomy, of many cultures it was believed that the planets of our solar system were created after the formation of the Sun. Whereas 4,000 years ago, the Hebrews wrote that God created the first primitive plant cells in the third cosmic day, which plant cells would later evolve into the diverse grain and fruit bearing plants of today, but the sun was not created until the fourth cosmic day.

Knowing that the planets of our solar system were already created before the actual sun came into existence when the hydrogen nuclei within the condensing solar cloud started fusing together to produce helium nuclei and a lot of energy thereby creating our sun, we must now ask the question, “Did life on earth begin to evolve before the creation of the sun?” As is recorded in the Bible. And can life exist without actual sunlight? Proof of this is to be found in the darkest depths of our oceans, where life has evolved around the extremely hot and noxious gas vents over six miles beneath the surface where sunlight does not and cannot penetrate.
steve reid
 
  1  
Reply Sun 2 Aug, 2026 12:32 pm
@The Anointed,
The Anointed wrote:

And what makes you think that ancient Hebrews shared the same general cosmology of other cultures of the time?'

Reading, historians and biblical scholars have documented these parallels for decades

The Anointed wrote:

Did life on earth begin to evolve before the creation of the sun? As is recorded in the Bible

While I do believe that life can exist and survive without sunlight, I can't accept that life on earth begin to evolve before the creation of the Sun because it is written in the bible, what scientific evidence is there to back this up

The Anointed wrote:

Whereas 4,000 years ago, the Hebrews wrote that God created the first primitive plant cells in the third cosmic day, which plant cells would later evolve into the diverse grain and fruit bearing plants of today, but the sun was not created until the fourth cosmic day.

When the Hebrews wrote about God where were they getting their information from

I'm most interested in how, when, and where life first made the transition from non living chemistry to living systems. Was it a rare freak one off event or a common occurrence
I'm also fascinated by the origins of life on Earth, whether it emerged here, or whether it began elsewhere in the universe perhaps billions of years before our Solar System formed

Can I trust everything that is written in the New Testament of the Christian bible to be true
The Anointed
 
  0  
Reply Sun 2 Aug, 2026 04:18 pm
@steve reid,
Quote:
While I do believe that life can exist and survive without sunlight, I can't accept that life on earth begin to evolve before the creation of the Sun because it is written in the bible, what scientific evidence is there to back this up


According to the best theory we have today as to the origin of this generation of the universe, it was some 14 billion years ago, that an immense explosion, known as the Big Bang, spewed out massive amounts of liquid like electromagnetic energy in the trillions and trillions of degrees, creating a rapidly expanding universe.

Within moments of the expansion, the universal temperature had dropped to some billions of degrees, and the vibrating wave particles, which were the quantum of that energy, collided in nuclear fusion reactions to form hydrogen and helium and when the universal temperature had cooled to a point where fusion stopped generating these basic elements, it left hydrogen as the dominant component from which the first gigantic stars were created, in which massive atomic reactors, the heavier elements, such as carbon and oxygen, would be created.

As said previously, bursting into life and light throughout the primitive universe over an unknown period of time, those first generation stars would have been thousands upon thousands of times as massive as our Sun and millions of times as bright, but each one burned for only a few million years before meeting a violent end, when they exploded out in a brilliant flash before collapsing in upon themselves creating the massive centrally condensed systems called ‘Black Holes,’ in which the greater percentage of their mass was trapped.

The first creative day ended as all those gigantic stars collapsed over an unknown vast period of time. Those first gigantic stars, in which the heavier elements were created, from which the galaxies would later be created and which massive stars would have been collapsing in upon themselves, and evening descended as the lights of the universe went out, and the black holes devoured each other, and darkness covered the contracting space.

The second DAY [Period of universal activity] begins by bringing to ripeness the seeds that were imbedded in the former, and itself then prepares the seed for the universe that will follow it.

This is one scientific theory as to the creation of our solar system some 9 billion years after the creation of those first massive stars that lit up the darkness of the expanding space.
Whether or not a better theory than that which we have today will develop, time will tell.

This theory would appear to support the biblical statement, that the process of the division of the waters above from the waters below, [See Genesis 1: 6; KJV] or the division of the solar nebula cloud from the greater Galactic nebula cloud, began some five billion years ago, and that the whole process began with the division of the waters (cloud) above, from the waters (Cloud) below from which the entire Solar system was created. This took just a few hundred million years, about 400 million years in fact, and the creation of our entire solar system was completed by about 4.6 billion years ago.

It was from the galactic nebular cloud, which was the residue of the heavier elements that were exploded off with the great super nova, which was the death of one of those gigantic earlier generation Stars, that our Milky-Way galaxy would be formed in the second creative period=day, as the active universal forces brought about a division of the Solar nebular cloud [The Waters Below] from the Galactic nebular cloud [The Waters Above].

The accretion of the galactic nebula disk, which was being attracted to the central Black Hole around which it had begun to orbit, transferred angular momentum outward as it transferred mass inward, it was this that caused our solar nebula to begin to rotate and condense inward, bringing a division of the solar cloud, from the galactic cloud, or the waters above from the waters below.

Within the greater nebular cloud, which was slowly beginning to revolve around the Black Hole that anchored it in space, a piece of the larger cloud complex started to collapse about five billion years ago. The cloud complex had already been "polluted" with dust grains from previous generations of stars, so it was possible to form the rocky terrestrial planets as gravity pulled the gas and dust together, forming a solar nebula. As the cloud=waters of the solar nebula collapsed, its slight rotation increased. This is because of the conservation of angular momentum.

Just like a dancer who spins faster as she pulls in her arms, the cloud began to spin as it collapsed. Eventually, the cloud grew hotter and denser in the centre, with a disk of gas and dust surrounding it that was hot in the centre but cool at the edges. As the disk got thinner and thinner, particles began to stick together and form clumps. Some clumps got bigger, as particles and small clumps stuck to them, eventually forming planets or moons. Genesis 1: 6—9. As the heavenly cloud was gathered together in one place, dry land, or rather planets began to form.

Near the centre of the condensing cloud, where planets like earth formed, only rocky material could stand the great heat. Icy matter settled in the outer regions of the disk along with rocky material, where the giant planets like Jupiter formed.
As the cloud continued to fall in, the centre would get so hot that it would eventually become a star and with a strong stellar wind, would blow away most of the gas and dust from which the planets of the solar system had been formed.

By studying meteorites, which are thought to be left over from this early phase of the solar system, scientists have found that the solar system is about 4.6 billion years old! As the solar nebula collapsed, the gas and dust heated up through collisions among the particles. The solar nebula heated up to around 3000 K so everything was in a gaseous form. The solar nebula's composition was similar to the present-day Sun's composition: about 93% hydrogen, 6% helium, and about 1% silicates and iron, and the density of the gas and dust increased toward the core where the proto-sun was: [PROTO SUN.]. The inner, denser regions collapsed more quickly than the outer regions.

PROTO-HUMANS WERE NOT HUMANS AND THE PROTO-SUN, WAS NOT YET OUR SUN.

Around Jupiter's distance from the proto-Sun the temperature was cool enough to freeze water (the so-called "snow line" or "frost line"). Further out from the proto-Sun, ammonia and methane were able to condense. There was a significant amount of water closer to the Proto-sun, but could not condense. When the solar nebula stopped collapsing it began cooling, though the core that would later form the Sun remained hot.

This meant that the outer parts of the solar nebula cooled off more than the inner parts closer to the hot proto-Sun. Only metal and rock materials could condense (solidify) at the high temperatures close to the proto-Sun. Therefore, the metal and rock materials could condense in all the places where the planets were forming. Volatile materials (like water, methane and ammonia) could only condense in the outer parts of the solar nebula.

Because the density of the solar nebula material increased inward, there was more water at Jupiter's distance than at the distances of Saturn, Uranus, or Neptune. The greater amount of water ice at Jupiter's distance from the proto-Sun helped it grow larger than the other planets. Although, there was more water closer to the proto-Sun than Jupiter, that water was too warm to condense. Material with the highest freezing temperatures condensed to form the chondrules that were then incorporated in lower freezing temperature material. Chondrules (from Ancient Greek chondros, meaning grain) are round grains found in chondrites. Chondrules form as molten or partially molten droplets in space before being accreted to their parent asteroids.

Any material that later became part of a planet underwent further heating and processing when the planet differentiated so the heavy metals sunk to the planet's core and lighter metals floated up to nearer the surface.
Because of its great compression, the core of the proto-Sun finally reached about 10 million Kelvin and after the planets of the solar system had been created, the hydrogen nuclei started fusing together to produce helium nuclei and a lot of energy. It was then that the proto-Sun "TURNED ON" and became our Sun, which produced the strong winds called T-Tauri winds named after the prototype star in the constellation Taurus.

These winds swept out the rest of the nebula that was not already incorporated into the planets. With most of the cocoon gas blown away, the new star itself becomes visible to the outside for the first time. This whole process took just a few hundred million years and was finished by about 4.6 billion years ago. At the distance of about one light year from the earth, is the great icy Dome, that is the boundary of the firmament of our heavens, in which the sun, moon, and planets of our solar system were created.

The earth was created before the sun TURNED ON and according to the bible Life had already begun to evolve on earth before the sun was created.
steve reid
 
  1  
Reply Mon 3 Aug, 2026 01:18 pm
@The Anointed,
The science is interesting and I get what you're saying, and I can see how it all fits together from your point of view. As for me I can't take something as true just because it's written in a book. Until I find God, get faith or God reveals himself to me, I will keep science and the scriptures as two separate interests

When and how was the Oort cloud formed, and how did it come to be spherical when most of the other objects orbiting the sun do so in or near the ecliptic
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