The 'Lenny' authors, in Round 215, wrote:The first day she went fishing, she caught exactly 31416 pounds of fish! ...she decided to go fishing again the next day. And she caught exactly 40% of what she caught the day before.... She continued fishing every day. And every day she caught exactly 40% of what she caught the previous day.
If she continued fishing every day for twenty years, how many pounds of fish, total, would she catch? Please round to the nearest pound.
People are already posting this to tutoring forums, pretending this is math homework ("and my whole grade, for the whole year, depends on it, so you HAVE to give me the answer NOW!!!"), so let's just hand out the answer here. I know many (most?) couldn't care less about the "how", but I'll include it anyway....
Assuming that partial fish are counted in the total, we have a geometric series, with r = 0.4. The first term is a = a_1 = 31416, with each new term being the previous term multiplied by r = 0.4.
The general term (the n-th term), a_n, is then a r^(n-1), so:
. . . . .a = a_1 = 31416
. . . . .a_2 = a r^1 = (31416)(0.4)
. . . . .a_3 = a r^2 = (31416)(0.4)(0.4)
...and so forth.
For a geometric series with first term "a" and common ratio "r", the sum of the first "n" terms is given by:
. . . . .S_n = [ a (1 - r^n) ] / [ 1 - r ]
In this case, we have a = 31416 and r = 0.4. We need only find the number of days in twenty years. Assuming a Neopian year is the same as an Earth year, we get:
. . . . .(356.25 days /year)(20 years) = 7305 days
The final terms of the series will be vanishingly small; for instance, a_366 (the first day of the second year) will equal zero, followed by a decimal point, followed by 140 more zeroes, followed by 177.... But those vanishingly-small terms do add up, so....
. . . . .S_7305 = [ 31416 (1 - 0.4^7305) ] / [ 1 - 0.4]
. . . . . . . . . .. .= [ 31416 (1 - 0.4^7305) ] / [ 0.6 ]
. . . . . . . . . .. .= 52360 (1 - 0.4^7305)
Unfortunately, this is more than my calculators (or Excel) can handle exactly; the parenthetical portion is evaluating to "1". Do with that what you will, but I would expect that the "correct" answer will be just "52360".
Eliz.