@hightor,
There are the status quo way of talking about optimising people's behaviour, the one you pointed "taking responsibility", which assumes "free will" or some sort of it is true, and then there is a new way, which assumes people are either ignorant, confused, or incapable of computing a balanced solution. For the classical problem of ignorance, there is the obvious solution of constant Education. For confusion, we need to fight fake news and help clear-cut information to thrive. For incapacity, we need social care and behaviour control, with imprisonment when necessary, but also therapy, be it genetic or psyche social for reintegration. This is the CIVILIZED way with no "guilt" shortcuts to make the problem pseudo-simple and easy to dodge...