nelsonn wrote:There is much anecdotal evidence about outrageous liability awards, but does anyone know the percentage of insurance premiums (including earnings), that actually go to victims (and their lawyers)?
Good question!
There have been plenty of opinions, but few facts posted here.
Jury award amounts (not negotiated settlements) can be found in sets of books called jury verdict reporters. Anyone can have access to the reports, both as volumes and on-line, but they are expensive. For obvious reasons, settlement amounts are closely tied to expected jury award amounts. To know one is to know the other, consequently lawyers know how much cases are likely to be worth before the case even begins. I can't afford to subscribe to the reports, so the best I can do is look for whatever free info is out there.
Below are some facts gleaned from a California study followed by a link to the study itself in .pdf format. The report relied on jury verdict reporters for much of its information.
Of all the medical malpractice cases brought in the country only 30% are successful and result in a verdict for the plaintiff (patient). Therefore, 70% of the time the medical provider (doctor, hospital, insurance company) wins the case.
If you take the total of all damages awarded in all the medical malpractice cases in the study you will find that the proportion of non-economic damages (pain and suffering, loss of consortium, etc.) is 31% of the total that the defendants (probably insurance companies) paid. That means that 69% of the total awards were NOT for pain and suffering or other forms of non-economic damage, but instead were for actual economic damage suffered (such as loss of income or for medical expenses).
Its the 31% that the insurance companies are whinning about. For them its not whether or not an individual deserves this or that much of an award. Its more about reducing the 31%. They, like the gambling enterprises that they resemble, are just looking to stack the odds in the "house's" favor. It matters little to them about individual awards as long as they come out a winner at the end of the day. Similarly, it matters little to a gambling casino if an individual gambler has a good night as long as the odds are in the house's favor they will do well, in the end, against all the gamblers that night (or that week, or that month).
If you think insurance companies are not institutions of legalized gambling consider this:
When an insurance company sells you life insurance it is betting that you will live for a long time; you are betting that you will die soon. They make their money by spreading their risk over large numbers of policies. Additionally, they employ actuaries to study mortality rates among populations: they know the odds of X number of people dying in the next Y number of years. The rules are skewered toward the "house" in that the amount of the bet and the amount of the payoff are controlled. This is simplely stated but basically correct. The same sort of calculations are made when it comes to car insurance or health insurance.
Gambling casinos, similarly, spread their risk over large numbers. They skewer the rules in their own favor. At a blackjack table the dealer must take an additional card at 16 and must not do so at 17. Their are multiple decks of cards in the dealing shoe which are shuffled together. Similar amounts of bets are grouped together at one table. All of this militates against the player and for the house. Over time the house will always win, except if someone, or group, is able to count the cards.
Card counting is a method by which a player can keep track of how many of which type of cards (high or low) are left in the deck. With that knowledge the player can increase or decrease his/her bet and even the odds with the house. Card counting is not illegal nor is it cheating. The casino will ban any player it suspects of card counting, nonetheless. It will refuse to play on an even playing field.
Health insurers have their equivlents to card counters. They are plaintiff personal injury lawyers. The lawyers put an unknown factor into the insurer's calculus. That factor is non-economic damages, one of which is Pain and Suffering. The insurers know approximately what their economic damages liability will be, because, through their actuaries (odds makers?), they know the present and future earnings of the population. The unknown non-economic factor is what these multi-billion dollar companies are asking us to relieve them from through legislative enactment.
At first they tried to ameliorate their decrease in profits (not losses) by increasing the amounts that the insuree (hospitals and doctors) has to bet (pay in premiums) to obtain the same payoff. That didn't work because the cost was passed on as higher medical bills. This increase in medical bills caused a public outcry. The government came close to putting them out of the medical insurance business (the Clinton health care initiative). Instead of just taking less profits they started, and continue, a hugh public relations campaign.
They blamed it on the lawyers. They had the doctors and hospitals telling us how lawyers, winning big personal injury cases with non-economic damages, was the whole problem. Nevermind that medical providers actually make mistakes that cause economic AND non-economic trauma such as: Loss of income AND disfigurement; loss of future earnings AND a lifetime of pain; and so on. Nevermind that "the house" could simply decrease its winnings (earnings). It is the lawyers' fault.
http://www.mcgeorge.edu/government_law_and_policy/publications/ccglp_pubs_micra_cap_pdf.pdf
http://www.ismie.com/news/rate_release.pdf
Not strictly an answer to nelsonn's question.