Here's a few links from my search on Google using the key words "Arabic origin words." A short list: admiral, alcohol, algebra, almanac, coffee, cotton, magazine, syrup, and tariff.
A long & detailed list:
Words Borrowed from Arabic
Also see:
SALT Etymology
Quote:Many of the words used by the Arabs in describing science have been retained and have entered the English language. The major contributions of the Islamic culture were in three areas of science: chemistry, mathematics, and astronomy. In chemistry, Arabic words include alcohol, alkali (from al-quali, the saltwork ashes), niter (from which word we get nitrate), alkahest (the universal solvent, sought by the alchemists), and alembic (a distilling flask). In mathematics, some of the Arabic terms are algorithm, algebra, and arithmetic.
Arabic words in English
Arabic words from Spain
Spanish Words Adopted from Arabic
aceite ?- oil
adobe ?- adobe
aduana ?- customs (as at a border)
ajedrez ?- chess
Alá ?- Allah
alacrán ?- scorpion
albacora ?- albacore
albahaca ?- basil
alberca ?- tank, swimming pool
alcade ?- mayor
alcázar ?- fortress, palace
alcoba ?- bedroom, alcove
alcohol ?- alcohol
aldea ?- village (same source as English word "alderman")
alfombra ?- carpet
algarroba ?- carob
algodón ?- cotton
algoritmo ?- algorithm
alkimia ?- alchemy
almacén ?- storage
almanaque ?- almanac
almirante ?- admiral
almohada ?- pillow
alquiler ?- rent
amalgama ?- amalgam
arroz ?- rice
asesino ?- assassin
atún ?- tuna
ayatolá ?- ayatollah
azafrán ?- saffron
azúcar ?- sugar
azul ?- blue (same source as English "azure")
baño ?- bathroom
barrio ?- district
berenjena ?- eggplant
burca ?- burqa
café ?- coffee
cero ?- zero
chisme ?- gossip, gadget
Corán ?- Koran
cuzcuz ?- couscous
dado ?- die (singular of "dice")
embarazada ?- pregnant
espinaca ?- spinach
fez ?- fez
fulano ?- what's-his-name
gacela ?- gazelle
guitarra ?- guitar
hachís ?- hashish
harén ?- harem
hasta ?- until
imán ?- imam
islam ?- Islam
jaque ?- check (in chess)
jaque mate ?- checkmate
jirafa ?- giraffe
laca ?- lacquer
lila ?- lilac
lima ?- lime
limón ?- lemon
macabro ?- macabre
marfil ?- marble, ivory
masacre ?- massacre
masaje ?- massage
máscara ?- mask
mazapán ?- marzipan
mezquita ?- mosque
momia ?- mummy
mono ?- monkey
muslim ?- muslim
naranja ?- orange
ojalá ?- I hope, God willing
olé ?- bravo
paraíso ?- paradise
ramadán ?- Ramadan
rehén ?- hostage
rincón ?- corner, nook
sorbete ?- sherbet
sofá ?- sofa
rubio ?- blond
talco ?- talc
tamarindo ?- tamarind
tarea ?- task
tarifa ?- tariff
toronja ?- grapefruit
zanahoria ?- carrot
Quote:The origin of "Coptic", a word which we today use to refer to the Christians of Egypt (and actually, the principle Christian church of Ethiopia, as well others throughout the world related to this form of Christianity), actually is derived from the word Copti. The Arabs who invaded Egypt in, like the Greeks, had problems pronouncing the term, Aegypti, which means "Egyptian citizen". Essentially, they changed the word to Copti. Of course, at that time, Egypt was a Christian nation, so the term became limited to actual Egyptian Christians as the country became more and more Muslim.
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