@roger,
That's what I am trying to figure out. I think the following are related:
1. Rinsing your mouth - guess 1/2
2. Rinsing a bottle - guess 1/2
3. Put cream in a bottle to make some kind of buttermilk, they say 1/3 full
4. Put rocks in a cylinder and shake until polished - guess 1/3 to 1/2. Maybe both work, maybe we are trying to minimize the time to do it?
5. Mixing a solution with different ingredients by shaking until mixed.
6. Cleanng a car with water seems to depend on the pressure of the water.
7. With a falling object - energy at the top is MgH (Mass, gravity, Distance), at the bottom Kinetic energy = MV^2/2. Are we looking for maximum energy, maximum momentum, maximum velocity, maximum force?
If the bottle is L units long and the Mass occupies X of those units then the distance travelled by the water is (L-X). The Mass is also a function of X. What is the function that we are trying to find the minimum or maximum of?