@Olivier5,
Olivier5 wrote:This is not a tribunal, it's a historical argument. Nobody's gonna fry on a chair in the end...
More hyperbola. Hearsay isn't even admissible in civil lawsuits, which are decided by preponderance of the evidence. "Preponderance of the evidence" means that the charge is more likely than not to be true, which does make it a standard of evidence comparable to the one for establishing historical facts.
Olivier5 wrote:Other criteria apply, because what in history is not hear-say?
The part where facts are backed up by direct evidence. For example, the historicity of emperor Augustus is backed up by numerous administrative records, gold coins with his face on it from the time period that he lived in, decrees that he authored, and so on and so on.
Or take the facts Julius Caesar recounts in his book,
The Gallic Wars. While they are no doubt colored by Caesar's politics, cultural biases, and limited competence as an ethnologist of primitive peoples such as Germans, at least he observed them himself.
The Gallic Wars merit skepticism from the reader, but they are an important work of antique history, and they are not hearsay.
Olivier5 wrote: The rest, all of Tacitus for instance, can be called hear-say...
Much of Tacitus is based on eyewitness accounts and events Tacitus witnessed himself --- starting with his first book,
The Life of Agricola, his father in law. Nothing of the kind can be said of Josephus and other first-century historians writing about Jesus. But I don't mean to evade your broader point: Sure, we could dismiss much of the historical literature as hearsay. And I would have no problem with that.