Introducing the Zettabyte!

Digital content takes a big byte
HEIDI BLAKE, LONDON
May 5, 2010

The size of the ''digital universe'' will swell so rapidly this year that a new unit - the zettabyte - has been invented to measure it.

Humanity's total digital output currently stands at 8,000,000 petabytes - which each represent a million gigabytes - but is expected to pass 1.2 zettabytes this year. One zettabyte is equal to one million petabytes, or 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 individual bytes.

Gigabyte
1,073,741,824 bytes; 230;
approx 1,000,000,000 or 10 9

1 Gigabyte: Paper in the bed of a pickup; symphony in high-fidelity sound; broadcast quality movie
2 Gigabytes: 20 yards of books on a shelf
5 Gigabytes: 8mm Exabyte tale
10 Gigabytes:
20 Gigabytes: Audio collection of the works of Beethoven; five Exabyte tapes; VHS tape used to store digital data
50 Gigabytes: Library floor of books on shelves
100 Gigabytes: Library floor of academic journals on shelves; large ID-1 digital tape
200 Gigabytes: 50 Exabyte tapes

Terabyte
1,099,511,627,776 or 240;
approx. 1,000,000,000,000 or 10 12

1 Terabyte: Automated tape robot; all the X-ray films in a large technological hospital; 50,000 trees made into paper and printed; daily rate of EOS (Earth Orbiting System) data (1998)
2 Terabytes: Academic research ligrary
10 Terabytes: Printed collection of the U. S. Library of Congress
50 Terabytes: Contents of a large mass storage system

Petabyte
1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes or 250
approx. 1,000,000,000,000,000 or 10 15

1 Petabyte: 3 years of EOS data (2001)
2 Petabytes: All U. S. academic research libraries
20 Petabytes: 1995 production of hard-disk drives
200 Petabytes: All printed material; 1995 production of digital magnetic tape

Exabyte
1,152,921,504,606,846,976 bytes or 260
approx. 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 or 10 18

5 Exabytes: All words ever spoken by human beings.

Zettabyte
1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424 bytes or 270
approx. 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 or 10 21

Yottabyte
1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 bytes or 280
approx. 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 or 10 24