One hump or two?

Camel milk could bring in billions: UN
Australia
Friday, 21 April 2006

The United Nations has estimated the potential of a camel dairy industry at up to $10 billion world wide.

It says developing camel dairy products such as milk could not only provide more food to people in arid and semi-arid areas but also give nomadic herders a rich source of income.

"The potential is massive. Milk is money," UN Food and Agriculture Organisations's dairy and meat expert, Anthony Bennett said.

The agency is hoping donors and investors will come forward to develop the sector not only at the local level, but also in helping it move into lucrative markets in the Middle East and the West.

"No-one's suggesting intensive camel dairy farming, but just with improved feed, husbandry and veterinary care daily yields could rise to 20 litres," Mr Bennet said.

At present production is a low-tech business with a meagre 5L a day considered a decent yield.

Since fresh camel milk fetches roughly $1/litre on African markets, that would mean serious money for nomad herders who now have few other sources of revenue.

From the Western Sahara to Mongolia demand is booming for camel milk, but there just isn't enough to go around. State-of-the art camel rearing is rudimentary, and much of the 5.4 million tonnes of milk currently produced every year by the world population of some 20 million camels is guzzled by young camels themselves.

To devotees, camel milk is pure nectar. While slightly saltier than cows' milk, it is three times as rich in Vitamin C as its bovine equivalent.

But tapping the market involves surmounting a series of humps in production, manufacturing and marketing.

One problem lies in the milk itself, which has so far not proved to be compatible with the UHT (Ultra High Temperature) treatment needed to make it long-lasting.

But the main challenge stems from the fact that the producers involved are, overwhelmingly, nomads, a situation similar to a tomato cannery depending on suppliers who regularly disappear, taking their tomatoes with them.

Another problem is that nomad camel herders are often reluctant to sell their spare milk, which tradition reserves for honoured guests and the poor.

It has been noted, however, that such reluctance can be dispelled by the offer of a good price.

Jumping on the camel train, Vienna-based chocolatier, Johann Georg Hochleitner, intends to launch this autumn a low-fat, camel milk chocolate with funding from the Abu Dhabi royal family, making it in Austria from powdered milk produced at Al Ain in the United Arab Emirates, then shipping 50 tons back to the Gulf each month.

"It sounds crazy but it's a huge project. There's a potential market of 200 million in the Arab world," Mr Hochleitner said.