Round 252: Volume of sphere, given volume of spherical cap
The 'Lenny' authors, in Round 252, wrote:While strolling through Tyrannia one bright sunny day, you came across a Grarrl egg. It was a perfect sphere. You placed it in a tub of water and found that it displaced exactly 280,000 cubic centimetres. However, it was floating on the water, and only 72% of the surface area of the egg was below the water line.
What was the total volume of the egg, in cubic centimetres? Please round to the nearest whole number.
The submerged portion of the sphere is represented by a shape called a "spherical cap". For a sphere of radius R, the surface area A and volume V are given by:
. . .sphere with radius R:
. . . . .A = 4 (pi) R^2
. . . . .V = (4/3) (pi) R^3
By "truncating" the sphere (that is, by chopping off a portion of it), we are left with part of a sphere, with the missing portion represented by a flat surface, being a circle with radius r. The "height" of the whole sphere is obviously 2R (or the length of the diameter); the height of the truncated sphere is "h".
For a spherical cap with flat-surface radius r and height h, formed from a sphere with radius R, the surface area A and volume V are given by:
. . .spherical cap with radius R, cap radius r,
. . .and height h:
. . . . .A = 2 (pi) R h
. . . . .V = (1/6) (pi) (3 r^2 + h^2) h
The relationship between the radius R of the sphere and the radius r of the flat surface of (the circle formed by) the spherical cap is given by:
. . . . .R = (r^2 + h^2) / (2h)
We are given that only 72% of the egg's total surface is wetted when allowed to float in water. This means that the surface area of the spherical cap is 0.72 of the surface area of the entire sphere. That is:
. . . . .2 (pi) R h = 0.72 [4 (pi) R^2]
Solving, we get:
. . . . .2 (pi) R h = 4 (pi) (0.72) R^2
. . . . .R h = 2 (0.72) R^2
. . . . .h = 2 (0.72) R
. . . . .h = 1.44 R
Plugging this into the relationship between the circle's radius r and the sphere's radius R, we get:
. . . . .R = (r^2 + h^2) / (2h)
. . . . .R = (r^2 + 2.0736 R^2) / (2.88 R)
. . . . .2.88 R^2 = r^2 + 2.0736 R^2
. . . . .(2.88 - 2.0736) R^2 = r^2
. . . . .0.8064 R^2 = r^2
. . . . .sqrt[0.8064] R = r
We are given that the submerged volume (that is, the volume of the spherical cap) is 280,000 cc's. Then:
. . . . .V = (1/6) (pi) (3 r^2 + h^2) h
. . . . .280,000 = (1/6) (pi) (3 (0.8064 R^2) + (2.0736 R^2)) (1.44 R)
. . . . .280,000 = (1/6) (pi) (2.4192 R^2 + 2.0736 R^2) (1.44 R)
. . . . .280,000 = (1/6) (pi) (4.4928 R^2) (1.44 R)
. . . . .280,000 = (1/6) (pi) (4.4928) (1.44) (R^3)
. . . . .280,000 = (1/6) (pi) (6.469632) (R^3)
. . . . .[(280,000) (6)] / [(pi) (6.469632)] = R^3
. . . . .1,680,000 / [6.469 632 (pi)] = R^3
Since the formula for the volume of the sphere involves R^3, we do not need to solve for the value of R itself. Instead, we can proceed directly to finding the volume:
. . . . .V = (4/3) (pi) R^3
. . . . .V = [(4/3) (pi) (1,680,000)] / [6.469 632 (pi)]
. . . . .V = [(4) (1,680,000)] / [(3) (6.469 632)]
. . . . .V = [ 6 720 000 ] / [ 19.408 896 ]
...and so forth.
(Hint: Plug the above into your calculator. Then round the value to the nearest whole number, which is
not 388 889.)
stormygoddess wrote:This site is not about just giving you the answer.... some weeks the answer gets posted right out in the open, but that's not the way most of us prefer it.... Begging for the answer just makes you look like an ass wanting to do none of the work and take all the credit anyway.... If you only want the answer without needing to do ANY work, just go somewhere else.
I completely agree with your sentiment, and I think it is to be regretted that experience has consistently shown that many do indeed want to be "just handed the answer", complete with a guarantee that it's the
right answer, and
right away ASAP ASAP URGENT HELP HELP NOW!!!!!.
Unfortunately, the "somewhere else's" to which this sort goes are frequently tutoring forums, where they lie and say that the "Lenny" is really a make-or-break take-home math quiz ("I'll flunk for the
entire year if you don't give me the right answer
right now!!"). In fact, this "math homework" question has already been posted any number of times to Yahoo! Answers (with quite a few of these posts already having been deleted or
rebuked); you will note, upon examination, that many of the remaining posts show that the text of the "Lenny" has been munged to disguise the actual origin, a tacit admission that the postings are illegitimate.
As a result of such ill behavior from Neopians, many other sites now customarily ban any user posting Neopets-related material, and are quite happy to see the Conundrums' solution posted, openly and as quickly as possible, in locations such as this one.
Sorry.
Eliz.