No, there's no basis to your thought that the highest realm of heaven is reserved for just Mormon men. I don't know where such an idea would come from. But you are correct in understanding that we believe in more than one level of heaven, and more than one level of hell, and more than one level of everything between. That sure resolves a lot of concerns, since that's what a lot of people have against a lot of christian religions--that if there's only two places, everyone but X must be going to Y.
The other day I rented "The Devil's Playground" from Hollywood Video. It's a documentary of Amish kids on their rumspringa; and how Amish people encourage their kids to experiment with everything before deciding to be baptized. They're a bit extreme, but it's fascinating to watch. The kids are literally into drugs and sex and whatever when they return from their journey, and the Amish people just consider it part of the game... Anyway, a good documentary.
Mormonism is one of those cultures where men and women truly do have separate, but equal, roles. Whether that's mathematically possible is up to you. But religiously, the three classes at church include one which is everyone, one which is broken down by age, and one which is broken down by gender. Everyone's welcome to visit any class, but no one ever does. So each has its own organization and leadership. Yes, we only allow men to "have the priesthood," but the priesthood is not a rank in Mormonism, since we have no clergy.
Maybe the holistic answer is that we believe that spirits have gender, and consequently men are men and women are women and that's older than time itself. Of course, that has cultural rammifications, too. I mean, yes, most mothers are housewives, because we want to raise our children "correctly." Utah is a part of the country where men hunt, and women pass recipes down through the generations. But like I said, that's not a church thing explictly; being from San Francisco my mother was the financial breadwinner and my father was a blue-collar pressman.
No, I think what makes religion hard for teens is the lack of sex, pure and simple...
well, maybe that's too simplified. The fear of lack of acceptance and the immature and unhoned catharses, leaving only the inefficient catharses like loud music and drugs and sex.