How do I pay the penalty?

Assuming you are referring to the Affordable Care Penalty penalty or tax for not having health insurance, if this applies to you it would be due with your 2014 tax return filed in 2015. Payment of the penalty likely wouldn't be due until April 2015 but if you wanted to pay it sooner you could make an estimated tax payment for 2014.
see http://www.irs.gov/Businesses/Small-Businesses-&-Self-Employed/Estimated-Taxes for more information.

If you need to pay an amount due with your 2013 return, see http://www.irs.gov/Payments for how to pay.

All you have to do to avoid any penalty is to go healthcare.gov and sign up for insurance by Monday. Then you will be OK for 2014 (the penalties don't start until next April).

You should do this right away. It is a good thing for you to have insurance, in fact it is better for all of us for you to have insurance (since otherwise we taxpayers have to pay your bill if you need treatment you can't pay for yourself).

I don't understand why anyone would want to go without health insurance.

Are you talking about your 2013 federal income taxes? Did you fill out a 1040 or 1040-EZ? You can pay your back taxes plus penalty online, by phone, or by mail with a coupon printed out by your tax package. There are no penalties yet for ACA, so I'm assuming you're talking about an underpayment penalty on your 2013 tax return.

Addresses and online/phone information can be found at the bottom of this link.

http://www.irs.gov/publications/p17/ch04.html

You don't want anything to do with that obungacare website. Safer to just visit the hundred top porno sites...

I was wondering if he was talking about one of the "planning for next years taxes" section that some of the packages have. Either that, or he is making it up.

Becauase its twice as much as I used to pay and the deductible is 3 times my old insurance and if i ever needed it I could not afford to pay deductible, other than that I don't understand why my family does'nt have insurance.