@DoIt,
Before we get to the content of your essay, let me comment on its form. I find it hard to read, and you're losing my attention around the middle of the second paragraph. So here are two suggestions to get the readers attention and keep it:
1) Start with a paragraph (75 words or fewer) that summarizes the problem you're about to address. Describe explorers' problem, describe the utilitarians' greatest-happiness principle, and finish with a question that makes the reader curious to hear how the principle applies to the problem.
2) Your second paragraph (currently 273 words) and your third (currently 311 words) are way too long. They drown the reader in a vortex of words, with no room to come up for air. I suggest you break them up into paragraphs of fewer than 150 words, or better yet, fewer than 100. Know what your points are, and dedicate one paragraph per point.
3) Your description of perspective b) is long-wound. I suggest you get straight to the point. Don't bore the reader with a long explanation of how perspective b is different from perspective a. Just get straight to the point and tell us whose perspective your perspective b
is.
4) Your inflections are faulty. I suggest you correct them: The name of the philosophy is
utilitarianism. The people who practice this philosophy are
utilitarians (not
utilitarianisms). Finally, the adjective for things pertaining to the philosophy is
utilitarian.
I suggest you make your essay more readable by applying those changes. Afterwards, I'll be happy to talk about the content.