@arr,
How about you state your experience first? What is your experience? what has worked for you?
You open up this discussion by choosing your wording by discussing this as
fads. Fads by definition are trends or what is fashionable. Impactful and positive actions to help the environment and make a real difference are not (or shouldn't be) a fad. So if your looking for what's real, by calling it a fad you're either pre-judging it yourself or inviting people who may not give you the best or more truthful answer.
I'll say this about specifics about the auto industry: I love the idea of hybrid cars. They save a lot of gasoline. but saving gas is not enough. However in their production, the impact on the area of the factory from their carbon footprint is extremely heavy. Furthermore, when the car is no longer serviceable, their disposal has a heavy carbon footprint.