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Jean Luc Marion and givenness

 
 
Reply Fri 27 Aug, 2010 12:23 pm
Please could someone explain Jean Luc Marion's theory of 'givenness' in simple terms.

As I am understanding it, Marion's theory of givenness talks about saturated phenomenon, and this phrase is used as a kind of paradigm of taking about reality as a whole - reality which is then phenomenologically reduced to 'that which appears' as always and already given as a gift.

I have started researching and reading on and came across this passage of writing which I really need clarity on:

'In phenomenological language, this imples that for the subject as regards to what appears, the intuition is always greater than the intention, and supersedes the intentional dynamic of the knowing subject towards the phenomenon. As a consequence the subject falls short in his or her attempt to apprehend what is appearing in the phenomenon. The subject is bedazzled in and through the overwhelming intuition, and is therefore incapable of giving a clear and precise signification to the phenomenon. Instead of the nominative case, in which the subject's mastery is acknowledged with regard to the interpretation and signification of the phenomenon, the subject is turned into the dative case. The subject is one 'to whom it is given to..', and who, in its reception also receives himself or herself. Therefore the the human response is always and already secondary, and consists in nothing more than this in responding to the reception of oneself from givenness. This structure of appeal and response is given, and therefore prior to language and hermeneutics. So language serves as the recognition of the givenness of that which is given in the phenomenon: not what is being said is of real importance, but that something is said'.

What is meant by the subject? Could anyone explain this theory using examples?

Thank you
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Arjuna
 
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Reply Fri 27 Aug, 2010 05:22 pm
@a-painter,
It sounds like this:

Say a person is negative all the time. He hates his job. I ask him why he doesn't quit, and he says "because my wife won't let me."

It occurs to me that he has shaped his world by his attitude, but he is oblivious to this. He acts like it's happening to him. The suckiness isn't out there... it's a lense he looks through.... and the lense was created by him.

But as I consider this, am I thinking I'm different? When I consider any given phenomenon... don't I take it that it's been "given" to me... as opposed to being a production of my own expectations?

There are those who will say that you control the lense through which you see the world. Change it, and the world will change.... and since I am something related to my world, when my world changes, I change.

Which would suggest that at any point, I could morph into somebody else, just by changing my assumptions.

The alternate viewpoint: human stories play out over time. There is an underlying meaning that may be far from obvious. Yet, that meaning must be expressed. You can consciously participate in the playing out. But defy the inner logic of the story and nothing has been accomplished. So the morphing is a temporary illusion.

On the other hand there can be inertia to stories. The structures they create can remain after the original story has reached it's completion. It's in this situation that the subject's rise to mastery is meaningful and will be successful. But what fell away was already dead like the decaying leaves on the sprout of a new story.

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