@dlowan,
dlowan wrote:I mean, I get why dominant powers get under everyone's skin, but normally it's fine. I just need to walk away, unless discussion with Djjd can philosophise it.
This points to something which conditions this discussion, even if people haven't been thinking about it. In my conversations with other Americans (and Canadians, for that matter), i have become aware of an attitude which is indicative of a huge blind spot with regard to Australia.
People in North America (many people, and in my anecdotal experience, most people) simply don't understand the part of the world Australia inhabits, and its place in that world. Most people seem to think that Australia drifts along in some separate dream world, unconnected to the rest of the world and its realities.
Australia is, itself, a dominant power in its region. Australia is fully engaged in the realities and problems of Papua-New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tonga, the Fijis--i suspect that most Americans and Canadians are not even aware of the governmental crises which have occurred in the Solomons, Tonga and the Fijis in the last decade. Australia also cannot ignore Indonesia. You can get in your ocean-going power boat, leave Port Darwin, and make landfall in Indonesia within a couple of days. You can fly there in under two hours. Indonesia is the largest predominantly Muslim nation on the face of the earth. Allow me to reinforce that signal fact--the Muslim population of Indonesia exceeds the Muslim population of the entire Middle East/North African littoral from Iran to Morrocco. The population of Indonesia is now greater than the population of the United States was at the time of the Second World War, and is five times greater than the population of Australia. Nevertheless, for the time being at least, Australia is the dominant military power in the region, which is why they remain engaged with the Solomons, Papua-New Guinea, Tonga, the Fijis, and, of course, Indonesia.
The eastern-most island of Indonesia is Timor. Timor was previously a Portuguese colony, but Indonesia rushed in when Portugal left. Indonesia is predominantly a Muslim nation, but the population of Timor was then, and remains, predominantly Catholic as a result of their Portuguese colonial history. In 1999 a plebiscite was held in which the population was asked whether they wished to have autonomy within Indonesia or independence. Despite a heavy influx of Indonesians since the Portuguese left, the population of Timor overwhelmingly chose independence, more than three quarters of the population voting for independence. This did not sit well with the Muslims of west Timor, and an insurgency by "militias" tacitly supported by the Indonesia army and police attempted to destabilize East Timor and bring down the attempt to form an independent government.
An international force, lead by the Australians, intervened while the UN slowly and ineptly cobbled together a response, and after a UN force replaced the Australian-led international force, Australian police forces provided the expertise and leadership to investigate and uncover the atrocities committed by the Indonesian "militias." Keep in mind that the population of Indonesia is more than five times that of Australia--and yet Australia stepped up to the plate to defend the newly gained independence of East Timor, to provide humanitarian aid, and to provide police investigatory services.
In 2002, on the Indonesian island of Bali, and in the wake of the September 11th attacks in the United States, a militant Muslim group in Indonesia, Jemaah Islamiyah, was responsible for a suicide bombing which killed more than 200 people, and wounded well over 200 more. Eighty-eight of those killed were Australians. Australia is as intimately familiar with the consequences of international terrorist organizations as anyone can allege the United States to be.
Since the end of the Second World War, Australia has been aware of and deeply involved in the economic growth of Japan and China, and the "little tigers" of eastern Asia. Australia, before any other nation, recognized that for whatever resentments the victors of the Second World War might have against Japan, Japan was the coming economic power of the region, and would have to be engaged effectively. Australia has also shown the same perspicacity and leadership in dealing with the economic growth of China, and of the "little tigers," Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong.
In the first World War, Australia and Canada, although the least populous of Commonwealth nations to provide significant troop levies to the "motherland" suffered the highest rates of casualties in proportion to their respective populations of any nations in the Commonwealth, including England. The English called the Canadians and Australians "the shock troops of Empire," and memorials to Australia and Canada abound in France, and are respectfully maintained to this day.
In the Second World War, Australian troops fought in North Africa and Italy, in addition to their commitments to the Pacific War. Despite having sent off so many troops to Europe and Africa, and despite the criminal incompetence of the English general Percival at Singapore, which doomed thousands of Australian soldiers to the nightmare of Japanese prison camps, Australia provided more troops to MacArthur's Southwest Pacific Theater than any other nation except the United States--they were a major factor in the success of MacArthur's campaigns. Australian troops fought in Korea and in Vietnam.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, when the South China seas filled up with "boat people" fleeing Indochina, Australia fast tracked the immigration of more than 130,000 refugees, chiefly Vietnamese. Since the late 1980s, the majority of "boat people" who have arrived in Australia have been what the West calls economic refugees, and although there is good reason to criticize various Australian governments for their treatment of these refugees, Australia has been under enormous international pressure to accept more refugees--and, of course, more refugees than other western nations are willing to take in. The Howard government has been justly criticized for its treatment of boat people, of economic refugees, and the criticism has come from Australians as well as the international community. It is, of course, easy to criticize the Australians for this passage of their history when the boat people in question are showing up on their doorstep, and not ours.
Australia has taken part in every significant political and economic development in the modern world. They are as much a part, and a significant part, of the international community as any other nation can claim to be. Australians are as aware and as engaged in their part of the world as any other nation of the region, and it is a region of far greater significance than Americans seem to know.
Personally, i find the best source for news about the Solomon Islands, Papua-New Guinea, Tonga, the Fijis and Indonesia to be ABC's international service. If any nation can be accused of having blind spots, it is more likely to be the United States than Australia.