Phase of the Moon

I was looking at my calendar today and wondering what is the difference between a Full Moon and a New Moon.
Should have paid more attention at school.
The shape varies from a full moon (when the Earth is between the sun and the moon)
to a new moon (when the moon is between the sun and the Earth).

Can you name the only month in 2006 when 5 phases of the moon are visible?
2 First Quarters.
1 New Moon
1 Last Quarter
1 Full Moon