DDT,
There are quite a few theories about time that don't quite explain things sufficiently or satisfactorily.
You could go for a Phd in "time" alone if you were interested.
Steven Hawkings, "A Brief History of Time" and "Black Holes and Baby Universes" would be a good place to start.
Our popular notions of time affect most of our philosophies, from "Creationism" to "Big Bangism".
Also search "Black Holes", "Red Shift" and "Relativity Theories", "The Harvard Tower Experiment, and books by Paul Davies.
Don't neglect to ask questions in this forum, or others.
Best of luck in your "Quest"