@glitterbag,
We have two different kinds of "public servants" here in Germany:
the German civil servants called Beamte (men, singular Beamter, more commonly der Beamte) or Beamtinnen (women, singular Beamtin) have a privileged legal status.
The Civil Service Law is based on the Basic Law,
Quote:Article 33
(Equal citizenship – Public service)
[...]
(4) The exercise of sovereign authority on a regular basis shall, as a rule, be entrusted to members of the public service who stand in a relationship of service and loyalty defined by public law.
(5) The law governing the public service shall be regulated and developed with due regard to the traditional principles of the professional civil service.
The traditional principles include:
- the duty of civil servants - to neutrality and loyalty to the constitution,
- the principle of lifelong employment,
- the principle of merit, according to which civil servants are to be selected solely on the basis of their suitability, ability and professional performance, and
- the prohibition of strikes.
The other German public employees (called Angestellte) are generally subject to the same laws and regulations as employees in the private sector.
The tradition of classifying only some public employees as Beamte dates back to the "enlightened rule" of monarchs practised in 18th-century Prussia and other German states.