The mathematical constant π (written as "pi" when the Greek letter is not available) is ubiquitous in mathematics and physics. In Euclidean plane geometry, pi may be defined as either the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, or as the area of a circle of radius 1 (the unit circle). Most modern textbooks define pi analytically using trigonometric functions, e.g. as the smallest positive x for which sin(x) = 0, or as twice the smallest positive x for which cos(x) = 0. All these definitions are equivalent.
Easy enough to look up.