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Life found far below surface

 
 
Reply Tue 17 Apr, 2012 05:10 pm
Life found far below surface
By Matt Andazola - Albuquerque Journal Staff Writer
Apr 17, 2012

Tom Kieft doesn’t merely go “deep into study.” He goes deep to study.

The New Mexico Institute of Mines and Technology biology professor regularly ventures into mines — he’s been deeper than two miles in one gold mine in South Africa — to find microscopic life-forms in extremely harsh conditions.

“We kept going deeper and deeper, and still kept finding microbes in these deep environments,” Kieft said.

Mines become hotter the deeper they go, and Kieft has discovered several microbes that thrive in high heat. He studied similar organisms for his doctorate at the University of New Mexico in the 1980s.

Significantly, these life-forms survive in an environment with no light and little oxygen.

Also, most surface-level life depends on photosynthesis — the process by which plants use light from the sun to create sugars and release oxygen — but these microbes use hydrogen to make their energy in a process called chemosynthesis.

That Kieft and his fellow researchers, many of them New Mexico Tech students, have discovered so many organisms in these environments points to the larger biological reality that there could be as much, or more, life under the surface as above.

But it’s not just Earth — if life can survive in these conditions here, Kieft said, there’s no reason to think it couldn’t on another planet, too. Maybe even Mars, he said.
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farmerman
 
  1  
Reply Wed 18 Apr, 2012 04:04 am
@BumbleBeeBoogie,
His model has always involved environments wherein the surface connditions had been intermixed with subsurface conditions by way of mine portals or shafts or stopes etc. He HAS NOT definitively proven that life exists in extreme depths and subsurface environments. Hes merey shown that life has ADAPTED to these conditions and evolved into a form that is ok with its surroundings in a deep shaft.
He should be looking at setting up a deep drilling program using equipment that makes a hermetically sealed packer (A gizmo that seals off a certain horizon). THEN sample within that zone and look for his bugs. He shoud be afraid of intermixing the surface environment with the deep. Theyve sampled within caves like Lecheguilla and the Mexican "Crystal Caves " of high selenite crystals and found bugs in these ocations too and these are similar to nearby surficial kinds except theyve evolved into forms that are similar to those kinds of life that occupy islands off mainlands
BumbleBeeBoogie
 
  1  
Reply Wed 18 Apr, 2012 08:46 am
@farmerman,
I knew you would challenge him.

BBB
BumbleBeeBoogie
 
  1  
Reply Wed 18 Apr, 2012 12:36 pm
@BumbleBeeBoogie,
Here is another underground creature for you, Farmerman.

Scientists discover new shrimp-like species in southern New Mexico cave
By Associated Press
April 17, 2012

ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. — Scientists have discovered a new shrimp-like species in a gypsum cave in southeastern New Mexico, only a few dozen miles from the famous caves at Carlsbad Caverns National Park.

The species of amphipod was unknown before being discovered about a month ago in the Burton Flats area east of Carlsbad, said Jim Goodbar, the Bureau of Land Management’s senior cave specialist. The agency announced the discovery Tuesday.

Blind, about a half-inch long and almost translucent, the amphipod was found in a subterranean pool inside a cave no more than 80 feet from the surface. The cave had been explored before, but samples had never been taken of the water until a biological inventory was done as part of plans to expand potash mining in the area.

For Goodbar and other cave researchers, short of rocketing into space, the depths of the earth represent one of the last unexplored frontiers for humankind.

“You never know what you’re going to find down there,” Goodbar said. “One of the interesting things about this is these guys, these critters have been down there for tens of thousands of years, millions of years and we’re just getting around to finding them.”

More surveys of the area are planned, Goodbar said.

The new species has not been named, but officials said it has been grouped with the Parabogidiella (para-bo-GIDDY-ella) genus, which was first described in 1980 by John Holsinger with the Biological Sciences Department at Old Dominion University in Virginia.

An amphipod expert, Holsinger said Tuesday the species found near Carlsbad is different from the other single species in the genus. He is currently working on its complete description.

Members of the Bogidiellidea family have been documented in parts of Mexico, but the new species represents the family’s most northern extent, he said.

Scientists know little about the new species. They’re already making guesses at whether it’s carnivorous or feeds on bacteria, minerals or vegetative bits that find their way into the cave’s water.

“They’re very cryptic,” Holsinger said. “These things are usually found in groundwater and you can very rarely observe them firsthand.”

Goodbar said the Bureau of Land Management is planning for a series of monitoring wells near the Burton Flats caves to keep an eye on water levels once the mining company begins pumping water for its proposed operations. The agency is developing mitigation plans that call for an end to pumping in the area if a certain threshold is reached.

The BLM is working on balancing protection of the new species and the area’s water supply with development of the region’s vast potash resources, Goodbar said.

The water in the caves is replenished by rainwater soaking down through cracks and crevices in the Earth’s surface and fresh water from a shallow underground aquifer.

“I think the implications are that we really need to protect the groundwater aquifers because there are species there that live nowhere else on Earth,” Goodbar said.
farmerman
 
  1  
Reply Wed 18 Apr, 2012 03:51 pm
@BumbleBeeBoogie,
I wunder what e tastes like?
0 Replies
 
farmerman
 
  2  
Reply Wed 18 Apr, 2012 03:54 pm
@BumbleBeeBoogie,
Quote:
I knew you would challenge him.
Im not necessarily challenging him, Im challenging the report. For all we know is that the scientist had mentioned that the newfound species were divert forms from surface dwelers and they differ by (X%). Theres a big difference.

MAybe the news missed the point that this maybe wasnt proving that life exists in the center of the earth, but that life evolves according to its environment
0 Replies
 
 

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