works = cooperates?

Indeed, which is why it says "with" and not "in".

Thanks.
But I'm not sure I've got your idea clearly.

He works with the laboratories, meaning he co-operates with the scientists working in those other laboratories, suggesting experiments, sharing and comparing ideas and results, communicating by email, telephone, video conference, etc. All those scientists work together on things. They may occasionally visit each other and meet at conferences but they need not spend a lot of time being physically present in each others research institutes.

If the text said he worked in the other laboratories, then that would imply that he travelled around the world to physically work in them.

The word "laboratory" can mean a building or room with benches, Bunsen burners, test tubes etc. It can also be used for institutions e.g. divisions of universities including their personnel.