@Woollcott,
If you don't have a rewritable CD then it's too late to change what's on the disc.
If however you burn the compact disc onto your computer's hard drive then you will get the opportunity via Windows Media Player or by going directly to the folder where you saved the MP3 files and add the actual song titles and even the individual band details.
I suppose if your CD drive has a writable option then you can burn a new disc (if you have a new blank disc) and burn on the newly titled MP3 files (with titles) onto the new disc.
You could on a lark try by going to the Windows Media Player and while it has the disc in the drive and the album listed as track 1, track 2, etc... right click on the track 1 title etc... and edit the title but it won't edit the title on the CD but in theory will only have the WMP try to remember that everytime you play this CD these are the titles that you want to have on the screen when you play the music.