@Bi-Polar Bear,
By Mark Alexander
After the most recent presidential election, when, as
you may recall, our once great nation exposed its
collective flank -- unmitigated ignorance -- to the
world, a reputable pollster, John Zogby, endeavored
to determine how 66 million of us could be so profoundly
stupid.
We reported his findings in our "Non Compos Mentis"
section two weeks ago, including, for example,
that 56.1 percent of Obama supporters did not know
his political career was launched by two former
terrorists from the Weather Underground; that 57
percent did not know which political party controlled
congress; that 72 percent did not know Joe
Biden withdrew from a previous presidential campaign
because of plagiarism in law school; and that
87 percent thought Sarah Palin said she could "see
Russia from my house," even though that was "Saturday
Night Live" comedian Tina Fey in a parody of
Palin.
The Zogby polling was designed to determine how
much influence the media had on shaping public
opinion, and, thus, the outcome of the election. Of
course, establishing that the political landscape
would look very different if the media were neutral
is filed under "keen sense of the obvious."
However, a report issued last week by the Intercollegiate
Studies Institute is more relevant to understanding
why Barack Obama received so much support
from those between 18 and 30 years of age --
support that put him over the top.
For the last two years, ISI has assessed the civil
literacy of young people at American colleges and
universities, testing both students and faculty. The
civics test included a cross section of multiplechoice
questions about our system of government,
history and free enterprise -- questions to assess the
knowledge that all Americans should possess in
order to understand their civic responsibility and
make informed decisions in matters such as elections.
More than 14,000 freshmen and seniors at 50
schools nationwide were given the 60-question
exam. More than 50 percent of freshmen and 54
percent of seniors failed the test. (So they get
dumber?)
This year, ISI went beyond the "institutions of
higher learning" to assess civic literacy across
demographic groups. The 2008 civics quiz asked
similar questions to those asked to college and university
students in previous years, but also included
questions about civic participation and policy issues.
The results were then subjected to multivariate
regression analysis in order to determine if college
and university graduates had a higher civic IQ than
the rest of society.
As you might expect, 71 percent of Americans
failed the test, with an average score of 49. Educators
did not fare much better, scoring an average of
55 percent. As the researchers noted, "Fewer than
half of all Americans can name all three branches of
government, a minimal requirement for understanding
America's constitutional system."
College grads flunked, answering 57 percent of the
questions correctly, compared to 44 percent for high
school grads.
Less than 24 percent of those with college degrees
knew that the First Amendment prohibits establishing
an official religion for the United States. Further,
only 54 percent can correctly identify the basic
tenets of the free enterprise system.
Would you be shocked to know that elected officials
have a lower civic IQ than the public they ostensibly
serve? Indeed, these paragons of representative
government answered just 44 percent of the questions
correctly. Almost a third of elected officials
could not identify "life, liberty, and the pursuit of
happiness" as the inalienable rights in our Declaration
of Independence.
Our Founders, those venerable Patriots who signed
our Declaration of Independence and codified the
liberty that is declared in our Constitution, understood
that liberty could not long survive an epidemic
of ignorance.
According to George Washington: "The best means
of forming a manly, virtuous, and happy people will
be found in the right education of youth. Without
this foundation, every other means, in my opinion,
must fail."
John Adams wrote: "Liberty cannot be preserved
without a general knowledge among the people,
who have a right, from the frame of their nature, to
knowledge, as their great Creator, who does nothing
in vain, has given them understandings, and a desire
to know; but besides this, they have a right, an indisputable,
unalienable, indefeasible, divine right to
that most dreaded and envied kind of knowledge; I
mean, of the characters and conduct of their rulers.
... Wisdom and knowledge, as well as virtue, diffused
generally among the body of the people, being
necessary for the preservation of their rights and
liberties..."
Thomas Jefferson insisted: "Enlighten the people,
generally, and tyranny and oppressions of body and
mind will vanish like spirits at the dawn of day. ... If
a nation expects to be ignorant -- and free -- in a
state of civilization, it expects what never was and
never will be."
James Madison agreed: "A people who mean to be
their own Governors, must arm themselves with the
power which knowledge gives. ... What spectacle
can be more edifying or more seasonable, than that
of Liberty and Learning, each leaning on the other
for their mutual & surest support?"
Today, however, it would seem that ignorance is not
only blissful but virtuous.