Who invented the guns?
Some people in medieval Europe heard of powerful fire
weapons of the India. Marco Polo (in 13th century) was
financed by the king of his country with the specific
purpose of finding the secret of the Indian fire
weapons. Marco Polo was given gold coins and precious
stones. He also brought some prostitutes to woo people,
if necessary. He first tried to find the secret in the
Punjab region. They pointed a gun at him saying " Get
out of our country. Else, we will shoot you with this
very gun". He then came to south India and tried for
the secret. The south Indians were more tolerant. They
told him that the secret is not known to the public.
The engineers who made the guns reside in the king's
fort generations. The guns were kept in the armory and
the public might not have even seen a gun. The guns
were brought out only at the time of emergency like a
war. A few persons gave hint to Marco Polo that the
knowledge of making gun powder was given to the Chinese
when some Indians visited them in ancient times. Then
Marco Polo went to China, but he could not find any
guns there. The gun powder was used there for making
some festival fire crackers and rockets. He took
samples of the gun powder and returned to Europe. We
know that the gun powder consists of niter, sulphur and
charcoal powder. Natural niter was scarce in Europe,
and what they could get from other lands was not that
pure. The world's purest niter in its natural state is
available in the mines of India. The other problems
faced by the Europeans in making the guns are lack of
good metallic alloys to make the bodies of the guns and
the non-availability of good machine tools for making
them. Manufacture of the guns fell into temporary
oblivion because most of them back-fired or exploded.
How did the British conquer India? Not with their guns.
The first war between the Indians and the British took
place at Mysore during reign of Hyder Ali. The
casualties on the British side was 90 percent and those
on the Indian side was 10 percent. The British realized
that their weapons were inferior to those used by the
Indians. The Indians had rockets and missiles besides
guns and cannons. What is a Sathagni? Most of us think
that it is cannon. Satha means 100 and Agni means fire;
it is a missile containing 100 bullets. It is launched
from a cannon. It explodes after reaching its
destination. Sanskrit manuscripts like Sukra Neethi
Sastra contain many formulas for making gun powder. The
first item exported by the then British East India
company was Indian niter.
According to Sir A. M. Eliot and Heinrich Brunnhofer (a
German Indologist) and Gustav Oppert, all of whom have
stated that ancient Hindus knew the use of gunpowder.
Eliot tells us that the Arabs learnt the manufacture of
gunpowder from India, and that before their Indian
connection they had used arrows of naptha. It is also
argued that though Persia possessed saltpetre in
abundance, the original home of gunpowder was India. In
the light of the above remarks we can trace the
evolution of fire-arms in the ancient India.
http://www.hinduwisdom.info/War_in_Ancient_India.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_ancient_India
http://doctorprasad.blog.com/