The dangers of considering the photoelectric effect at 1:49

For light to cause the release of electrons, its photons have to be energetic enough/have a high enough frequency to overcome the metal's work function. What if though, there's an object in space emitting electromagnetic readiation which when observed at rest relative to said object causes photoelectron emissions? If an object moving away from the radiation source moved quickly enough for the observed frequency to drop below the threshold frequency, would it still emit electrons since the individual photons have enough energy to cause the effect?

I think another way of posing the question is does the doppler effect affect photon density along the electromagnetic wave?

Another alternative, could electromagnetic radiation be both wave and particle, transverse and longitudinal?