@Albuquerque,
Alright, here's a much shorter version of my philosophy, which should be more easily understood. I'll first present a note to reader, and then I'll present the shorter version.
Note to Reader: There are 2 versions of good and bad. The 1st version is where something's good or bad, but doesn't matter, and the 2nd version is where something's good or bad, but does matter. I only use the 2nd version in this summary. Actually, there's only one time I use the 1st version, and it's near the end. I let you know when I use it.
My Philosophy of Good and Bad (Shorter Version)
When something matters to you, that's a state of mind, which I call "an x state." All x states are either pleasant or unpleasant (that is, they're all states of wanting, liking, or disliking). So, when something matters to you, it always pleasantly or unpleasantly matters to you. I'm going to discuss why pleasant x states are the only source of goodness in one's life/mental universe, and I'll use liking (a pleasant x state) as an example.
The more profoundly and intensely you like nature, the better you like it, which means the better (more good) it becomes in your eyes. Pleasant x states that are profound and intense give our lives a high level of goodness because they make things in our lives perceived/experienced as very good, while shallow and less intense ones give our lives a low level of goodness. Without pleasant x states, nothing can be perceived as good.
As for unpleasant x states, they're the only perceptions of badness, which means they're the only source of badness in one's life. Without x states, one's life is devoid of goodness and badness. Now, the only goodness that exists is the goodness we perceive, which means goodness only exists in our minds. I could say the same thing about colors or sounds. The only sound that exists is the sound we perceive (hear) because sound doesn't exist in the external world. Only sound waves do. Sound itself is a mental state, and so are colors.
Anyway, since perceived goodness is the only goodness, and since pleasant x states are the only perceptions of goodness, then they're the only good things, which means they're the only good experiences in life. As for unpleasant x states, they're the only bad things. Without x states, we'd be emotionless because all x states are emotional states (and all emotional states are x states). An example of some emotions are fear, misery, happiness, amazement, disgust, etc.
If an emotionless person had the mindset that something was good or bad, then that mindset alone couldn't make him perceive it as good or bad. Also, a blind person's mindset alone can't allow him to perceive (see) something as red, purple, green, etc. A blind person's life/mental universe is devoid of colors, and an emotionless person's life is devoid of goodness and badness. No mindset alone can give one's life colors, sound, goodness, or badness.
There were moments where my life was devoid of goodness and badness. So, I was emotionless. I had the mindset that something mattered to me, but that mindset alone couldn't make it matter to me (perceived as good or bad) because emotions are the only x states. Also, if an insomniac person had the mindset of being sleepy, then that mindset alone can't make him sleepy. As you can see, our mindset alone can't be a state of sleepiness, hunger, thirst, nausea, or an x state.
Here's a quote by Hume (a famous philosopher) that indicates reason alone is hollow (can't be an x state): "Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions." Anyway, there were moments where I was emotionless, and many moments where I was emotionally displeased/bothered by things. I, thus, had many moments of badness (suffering/unhappiness), and these moments were ongoing (a long term struggle).
I tried to reason away my suffering because I don't want to experience badness. But, reasoning didn't work, and it would be like reasoning with a phobia in an attempt to rid of the fear, which doesn't work. Also, when I was suffering, my pleasant emotions (pleasant x states) were disabled, which means I had no moments of goodness. As a matter of fact, pleasant emotions are fleeting for many people because there are mental illnesses, brain damage, and unhappy moments, which disable pleasant emotions.
For example, chronic, clinical depression is a mental illness that disables pleasant emotions. Since pleasant emotions are the only good things and are fleeting in this Earthly existence, then if god and the afterlife exist, why aren't we in heaven, where we get to experience the greatest goodness (pleasant x states that are the most profound and intense in the world)? The greatest good can also be called "the best bliss," which is everlasting in heaven.
Thus, heaven would be the best (greatest good) existence, which would be far better than this unfortunate, Earthly existence. With that being said, I'm now going to explain a few more things about my philosophy, and then I'll conclude this summary. My philosophy is based upon my personal experience and is a form of hedonism, which advocates experiencing pleasant emotions and not unpleasant ones. I think I'll always disagree with any philosophy that opposes mine.
So, I don't think my philosophy will ever change. Now, there's a philosophy that advocates reason alone as a source of goodness in one's life. But, until reason alone allows me to perceive goodness, l'll only have my fleeting, pleasant emotions as a source of goodness, and my philosophy will never change to the one I just described. My pleasant emotions have always been the only perceptions of goodness, and my unpleasant ones the only perceptions of badness.
Now, reason alone allows us to perceive the 1st version of good and bad that I mentioned in the note to reader at the beginning. But, I'm talking about the 2nd version, which reason alone can't perceive. Others claim reason alone can. But, I must disagree, based upon my personal experience. I have my personal experience to go by and others have theirs, and that's that. Living by reason alone would be living like a robot. Nothing can matter to robots because they're apathetic machines that can't fear, love, hate, etc.
They can still perform tasks, though, and emotionless people can perform tasks, even though said tasks can't matter to them. Living this way is no way to live, and being emotionally displeased is no way to live either. Emotional displeasure is worse than being emotionless, since badness is worse than neutrality (neither goodness nor badness). Being emotionally pleased is the way to live, and is better than being emotionally displeased or emotionless.