@zachproulx,
Have a conversation. A calm one. No one yelling or accusing. And not about the phone calls.
Instead, have it about your relationship. Are you happy? Do you feel you can talk to me? Does anything make you hold back?
I am getting the impression (and of course I don't know either of you) that she was afraid you would flip out. And then you did, thereby neatly proving her point. Being concerned is one thing. Being crazy jealous is another (not saying you are, but she might be afraid you will become so).
But have that conversation. And listen to what is being said, rather than thinking of ways to counter or deflect or prove it wrong.
And decide what, if anything, you want to do. She is entitled to talk to people on the telephone - and if you try anything like forbidding her to do stuff or taking away her phone or clearly treating her like a child, most women would be long gone. I know I would be. So consider that.
Personally, if I thought something like that was happening in my marriage, I would talk to my husband, work to figure out what was wrong, and work to fix it - and the problem would sort itself out.