@Setanta,
Quote:I am assuming that one would need metallurgy
This is an unsubstantiated assumption. Think of all the human technological advancement that didn't depend on metallurgy.
- Tools
- Simple Machines
- Mathematics
- The Laws of Physics
- Engineering/ Architecture
- Energy/Thermodynamics
- The Scientific method.
- Acoustics
- Genetics
- A lot of Chemistry
The early human scientists studying electricity (Maxwell, Von Keist, Volta, Faraday) did experiments focused on charge. Electricity is part of an undersea world and would be studied by our alien scientists. It is easy to imagine experiments that could show these phenomena underwater without the use of metal. Again, since sea water is a good conductor, you wouldn't need metal as much to conduct experiments. You would need insulators (which are readily available under the ocean).
Quote:You don't need heat or fire. But for brass and bronze, and for iron, you do. I note that you have not explained how your alien culture will even know about fire.
The necessary part of invention is curiosity and innovation. Humans stumbled on x-rays and microwaves and radar and gamma radiation. These are all things that were outside of our everyday world.
An intelligent and curious alien water world scientist will be as fascinated with air as we are with space (or the ocean). Air is more accessible than space meaning that the experimentation with air will be much sooner.
It only takes a little open-mindedness and creativity to come up with multiple ways for our Alien Scientists to discover fire.
- The Alien chemists (or even alchemists) could stumble one of the many chemical reactions that lead to fire.
- The Alien scientists studying optics, particularly those curious about the atmosphere above the water could stumble on fire.
- The Alien physicists studying friction could stumble on fire.
- Lightening could strike a floating scientific platform starting a fire.
- An Alien volcanologist might come up with a theory of heat that would lead to combustion once scientists study heat in air.
But the main point is that there are tons of technological achievements that can be made before fire is discovered. We discovered it rather early, but our Aliens may not be blocked in their path of development until they already have a community of scientists and mathematicians pushing the boundaries that can discover it the same way we discovered plastic.