I am a Chinese scholar. I created a new philosophy of history. The brief introduction is as follows:
All human civilizations in history have been organized by specialized divisions of labor that can change and develop. The difference is that some civilizations rely mainly on administrative command to organize the division of labor and cooperation, such as East Asia; Some civilizations mainly rely on the means of market exchange to organize the division of labor and cooperation, such as Europe and America; Other civilizations mainly rely on the means of conceptual persuasion to organize the division of labor and cooperation, such as the Middle East and South Asia. Different "means of cooperation" can be regarded as different "tools of social organization". The use of any kind of social tools to organize the division of labor and cooperation of the whole society must abide by certain rules; Different social tools have different rules of use, resulting in different types of civilizations in the world.
The choice of social tools mainly depends on the different natural environments and different social living environments. Different tools of social organization have different supreme principles: administrative tools - obeying orders; Market instruments - voluntary exchange; Idea tools - Following the "truth". The highest principles of each instrument will further derive their sub-level code of conduct. The three instruments have different codes of conduct systems (values), which leads to misunderstandings and conflicts between different types of civilizations.
There are the following three "equilibrium principles": 1. Any social tool has two series of rules that are opposed to each other and unified with each other, and a rough balance must be maintained between these two series, otherwise the social tool will fail or collapse. (2) An ideal civilization should have these three social tools at the same time, And there should be a general balance between these three tools. If a tool is too strong, the civilization will be in an unstable state, and the long run, it will decline and collapse. 3. Globally, there should also be a rough balance of power between different types of civilizations. If one type of civilization becomes too powerful, and its power exceeds the combined power of the other two types of civilization, the whole world will be in a state of instability and disorder.
Due to the characteristics of the three social tools, it takes different time for people to recognize the rules of the use of the tools: administrative tools are relatively simple and mature in most early civilizations; Market instruments are relatively complex and mature only in some cultures in the middle period; The idea tool is the most complex and still far from mature. The 21st century may be the century in which the tools of ideas mature and begin to play a greater role.
Human civilization develops in parallel on multiple fronts, and different types of civilizations have different paths and times to reach their own ideal state.
Fri 18 Oct, 2024 06:36 pm - [b]Compared with China, why were there fewer large-scale peasant uprisings in ancient Egypt for nearly 3,000 years?
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As the title suggests, this is an essay comparing ancient Egypt and... (view)