@andreapena77tx,
In doesn't strike me as mold. However, you'd be best checking with a professional, photos aren't always a good indicator.
Did you indicate to the medical people the type of work which had been gong on? The damages to the ceiling? Do you know what materials were used in crafting the ceiling and the building in general? Put on protective gloves and place a sample of the materials (both the pink and the black) in sample bags and bring to your medical people for testing.
As for illness, some while back, I had ceiling leakage (top floor, leakage from the roof) and became ill for a few weeks. Nothing as long lasting or bad as what your gentleman s experiencing. Perhaps you need to go to a different doctor.