@perennialloner,
If you speak a language fluently, you need to be able to construct sentences by rote. This means you memorize how words are used. That is the way native speakers of a language speak their language.
When I am talking about living at a place for a week... I am never going to think about whether this is discussing a length/period of time. When I am talking in English I don't ever consider the rules. I don't have to. More and more this is true when I speak Spanish as well. I just say what I am thinking.
I am not saying the rules are never useful when learning a new language. But I am saying that when you speak a language fluently, you are using memorized patterns rather than rules.
And, often the rules are wrong.