Predicate Symbolization

Translate the following ordinary language propositions and arguments into the symbolism of predicate logic using the suggested object constants and predicates.

If a professor bores a student, then both are wasting their time. [B, P, S, W]

(∀x)(∀y)( ([Px & Sy] & xBy) --> (Wx & Wy) ).




2: All careless sailors, except the lucky ones, die young. [C, D, L, S]




3: Anyone who likes asparagus is crazy, and some crazy people like spinach. Therefore, anyone who likes asparagus also likes spinach. [A, C, S]





4: There is nothing made of gold that is not expensive. No weapons are made of silver. Not all weapons are expensive. Thus, not everything is made of gold or silver. [E, G, S, W]