French Canada

There is a large Francophone community in the parts of New Brunswick
and Nova Scotia that are known as "Acadie" or "Acadia". It was from
there that many Acadiens were deported by the British. Many settled in
Louisiana where "Acadien " morphed into "Cajun." That upheaval forms
the backdrop of Longfellow's "Evangeline".

There are a fair number of francophones in eastern Ontario, near the border with Québec. There are pockets of French-speakers west of Ontario, but the largest community to the west of Québec are the métis in Manitoba. They are descendants of the coureur du bois (literally, "runners in the woods," which refers to the French in the seventeenth and early eighteenth century who headed out to the wilderness to trade in furs, and often to escape society--they intermarried primarily with the Cree Indians).

Winnipeg, Manitoba also has a French contingent.

This page at Statistics Canda shows the distribution of French speakers in Canada as of the 2001 Census (a census is conducted every five years--the 2006 data is not yet available, as the census has not been completed). This shows just fewer than 7,000,000 speakers of French in Canada--the most in la belle province, naturally, followed by Ontario, New Brunswick, Albert and British Columbia (surprised me) and then Manitoba, and all other provinces.