@contrex,
Confusing a part (or some property thereof) with the whole is commonly called the fallacy of division, which has been defined as: Inferring that something is true of one or more of the parts from the fact that it is true of the whole. For example, if the Giants are doing poorly this year, it would be fallacious to conclude that every member on the team is doing poorly."
Another example: If the whole class that a member of that class is X , then that member is also X.
X here is dog, or fruit, get it?
I'm pretty sure you don't, but just thought I'd ask.